The Stags have now failed to win in their last ten games after losing 2-1 at the Williams Motors Stadium, while the Quakers moved into the play-off places with their second straight victory.
Richie Barker had given Mansfield a first-half lead against run of play, before Clyde Wijnhard and Craig Hignett capped the fine comeback for Quakers with second-half strikes.
After the home side had dominated the early exchanges, Mansfield took the surprise lead through Barker.
Latching on to Jake Buxton's headed pass from the left, Barker shrugged of Curtis Fleming, before firing low under Quakers keeper Sam Russell.
The Stags were unlucky not to extend their lead early in the second half when Wayne Corden curled a free-kick against the crossbar.
In the 63rd minute the Quakers levelled through Wijnhard. Ian Clark's cross from the left rebounded off Alun Armstrong on the edge of the six-yard area and fell fortuitously for Wijnhard, who poked the ball in off the post.
And with a quarter of an hour remaining Hignett completed an impressive turnaround for the home side with his fifth goal for the club.
After Wijnhard was fouled on the edge of the area, Hignett's free-kick took a deflection off a Stags defender and beyond keeper Kevin Pilkington.